Japanese arisaema (Arisaema japonicum), known as "Tian Nan Xing" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has a long-standing history of use in East Asian herbalism, primarily to address respiratory conditions. In TCM, the processed tuber (often called "prepared Arisaema" or "Zhi Tian Nan Xing") is incorporated in formulas to "resolve phlegm," "dispel wind," and "open the orifices," which are understood to relate to support for the bronchial and respiratory systems. Historically, it has been applied for symptoms such as cough with copious sputum, bronchitis, and even in cases of epilepsy with phlegm obstruction.

The evidence for its use comes predominantly from classical TCM texts and centuries of clinical practice, rather than modern scientific validation. Pharmacological studies on Arisaema japonicum are limited, and while some in vitro studies have suggested possible anti-inflammatory or antitussive effects in related species, robust clinical data in humans are lacking. Furthermore, the raw tuber is toxic and must be properly processed before medicinal use. Because of this, Arisaema preparations are generally used in the context of traditional herbal formulas, not as isolated supplements.

In summary, Japanese arisaema's use for bronchial support is justified by tradition rather than scientific evidence, and its use should be guided by a qualified practitioner due to potential toxicity.