Potassium citrate is scientifically validated for use in managing certain types of calcium deposits, particularly in the context of nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) composed of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate. The primary mechanism involves its ability to alkalinize urine and increase urinary citrate levels. Citrate binds to calcium in the urine, forming soluble complexes and thereby reducing the saturation of calcium salts that could otherwise precipitate as stones or deposits. Clinical studies have consistently shown that potassium citrate supplementation decreases the recurrence of calcium-containing kidney stones in patients with hypocitraturia (low urinary citrate levels).

Guidelines from nephrology and urology societies (such as the American Urological Association) recommend potassium citrate as a first-line preventive therapy for patients with recurrent calcium stones and low urinary citrate. Its use outside the urinary tract (e.g., for vascular or soft tissue calcium deposits) is less established, but for renal calcium deposits, the evidence is robust. It is important to note that potassium citrate is not used to dissolve existing large stones but rather to prevent new stone formation or the growth of existing stones.

In summary, potassium citrate’s role in treating and preventing certain types of calcium deposits in the urinary tract is well-supported by high-quality scientific evidence, particularly for patients with low urinary citrate. Its effectiveness for other types of calcium deposits is not well-documented.