Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Potassium citrate malate, a combination of potassium, citric acid, and malic acid, is used in clinical settings primarily for its capacity to alkalinize urine and reduce the formation of certain types of kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate and uric acid stones. The scientific rationale for its use in managing calcium deposits (typically referring to nephrolithiasis or kidney stones) is based on its ability to increase urinary citrate and pH. Citrate binds to calcium, forming soluble complexes, which inhibits the precipitation and crystallization of calcium salts. Multiple randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have demonstrated that potassium citrate supplementation reduces the recurrence of calcium-containing kidney stones in patients with hypocitraturia (low urinary citrate), a well-established risk factor for stone formation. Potassium citrate malate as a supplement is less studied than potassium citrate, but the underlying mechanism is similar due to the citrate content. There is limited evidence for its use in treating extra-renal (outside the kidney) soft tissue or vascular calcium deposits. Most research and clinical guidance pertain specifically to renal calcium deposits (stones). Therefore, while there is scientific evidence supporting the use of potassium citrate (and by extension, potassium citrate malate) for the prevention of kidney stones, its efficacy for other types of calcium deposits is not well established.

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