Evidence supporting the use of: Beta-hydroxybutyrate
For the health condition: Cardiovascular Disease

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a ketone body produced during states of increased fat metabolism, such as fasting or ketogenic diets. Its use in supporting or treating cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a topic of emerging research with some scientific basis, though clinical evidence remains limited and preliminary. Several animal studies and early human trials suggest that BHB may have cardioprotective effects, including improving cardiac energy efficiency, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating inflammation—factors relevant to heart failure and atherosclerosis. For example, a 2016 study published in Cell Metabolism demonstrated that BHB supplementation improved cardiac function in mouse models of heart failure. Additionally, a 2021 randomized controlled trial published in Circulation found that intravenous infusion of BHB acutely improved cardiac output in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. However, these findings are early and mostly from small-scale trials or preclinical studies, and there is not yet broad consensus or robust clinical data supporting routine use of BHB in cardiovascular disease management. There is little to no historical or traditional use of BHB for CVD, as exogenous ketones are a relatively modern intervention. Therefore, BHB’s use for cardiovascular disease is justified by emerging scientific evidence, but the overall strength of evidence is currently moderate to low.

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Products containing Beta-hydroxybutyrate

We currently have no products on Vitabase that contain this ingredient.