Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) is used to support joint health, including conditions involving cartilage damage such as osteoarthritis. The scientific rationale centers on its rich content of omega-3 fatty acids (e.g., EPA and DHA), glycosaminoglycans, and unique bioactive proteins, which collectively may exert anti-inflammatory effects and support cartilage structure. Several randomized, placebo-controlled trials and systematic reviews have examined green-lipped mussel extracts in patients with osteoarthritis, the most common form of cartilage damage. Some studies report modest improvements in pain, stiffness, and functional outcomes compared to placebo, particularly with standardized lipid extracts. There is also evidence from in vitro and animal research that green-lipped mussel components may slow cartilage degradation by modulating inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases. However, while the results are promising, they are not universally positive: some clinical studies show little to no benefit, and the methodological quality of the research is variable. Overall, the evidence to date supports green-lipped mussel as a potentially helpful adjunct for mild to moderate joint symptoms and cartilage support, but not as a standalone treatment for severe cartilage damage. Further large, high-quality trials are needed to better define its efficacy, optimal dosage, and mechanism of action.

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