The use of New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) extract for supporting or treating cartilage damage is primarily based on emerging scientific evidence, though the quality and quantity of studies are limited, and most evidence relates more broadly to joint health and osteoarthritis rather than direct cartilage repair. The extract contains a combination of omega-3 fatty acids, glycosaminoglycans, and other bioactive compounds believed to have anti-inflammatory properties. Several small-scale clinical trials and animal studies have reported improvements in joint pain, stiffness, and function in people with osteoarthritis, which involves cartilage degeneration.

However, direct evidence for cartilage regeneration or repair is lacking. Most studies assess symptom relief rather than structural changes to cartilage itself. A few in vitro and animal studies suggest potential chondroprotective effects (such as reduced cartilage degradation), but these have not been robustly confirmed in human trials. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses highlight modest benefits for joint symptoms, but also note methodological weaknesses in many studies, including small sample sizes and lack of long-term data.

In summary, there is a scientific rationale and some preliminary supportive data for the use of green-lipped mussel extract in conditions involving cartilage damage, mainly through symptomatic relief and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the direct impact on cartilage repair remains unproven, and more high-quality research is needed.