Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

L-glutamine has been studied as a supportive therapy during chemotherapy, particularly for its potential to reduce certain side effects. Glutamine is a non-essential amino acid that plays a role in cell proliferation and repair, making it theoretically beneficial in conditions where mucosal cells are damaged, such as during chemotherapy. Some clinical trials have examined oral glutamine supplementation for reducing chemotherapy-induced mucositis (painful inflammation and ulceration of the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract) and peripheral neuropathy (nerve pain/damage).

Several small randomized controlled trials and observational studies have reported that glutamine supplementation may reduce the severity and duration of oral mucositis in patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer. For example, a number of studies in patients undergoing treatment for head and neck cancers have shown a reduction in mucositis severity. There is also preliminary evidence suggesting a potential benefit for reducing chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, particularly with agents like paclitaxel.

However, the overall quality and size of the studies is limited, and results have been inconsistent. Some larger trials have failed to show significant benefit, and systematic reviews (e.g., Cochrane, 2020) conclude that while glutamine appears safe, there is insufficient high-quality evidence to recommend its routine use for this purpose. Additionally, concerns exist that glutamine could theoretically support tumor growth, although clinical evidence for this is lacking.

In summary, while there is some scientific evidence supporting the use of L-glutamine for reducing certain chemotherapy side effects, the evidence is not robust, and more high-quality research is needed before it can be routinely recommended.

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