Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is a naturally occurring compound found in cruciferous vegetables such as watercress, broccoli, and cabbage. Its potential role in oncology has primarily centered around cancer prevention and enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy, rather than directly reducing chemotherapy side effects. Preclinical studies (cell culture and animal models) have shown that PEITC can sensitize cancer cells to certain chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin and doxorubicin, by modulating cellular pathways involved in apoptosis and drug resistance. These findings suggest a possible supportive role in improving chemotherapy outcomes.

However, scientific evidence regarding PEITC’s ability to reduce chemotherapy side effects in human patients is very limited. Most available research is at the preclinical level, with a lack of robust clinical trials directly assessing its efficacy or safety in mitigating chemotherapy-induced adverse effects (such as nausea, mucositis, or myelosuppression). Theoretical mechanisms include its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but these have not been substantiated in clinical practice. At present, PEITC is not widely used or recommended as a standard adjunct to chemotherapy for side effect reduction.

In summary, while there is scientific interest in PEITC’s effects on cancer cells and possible synergy with chemotherapy, there is insufficient clinical evidence to support its use specifically for reducing chemotherapy side effects. Further research, especially well-designed human trials, is necessary to clarify its role in supportive cancer care.