Chinese mugwort (Artemisia argyi, also known as "Ai Ye") has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Its use for chest pain, however, is primarily based on traditional practices rather than scientific validation. In TCM, mugwort is commonly used to "warm the meridians," "dispel cold," and "move Qi and blood," which are considered beneficial for various types of pain, including some forms of chest pain that are attributed to "cold stagnation" or "Qi obstruction." The herb is often included in herbal formulas or used in moxibustion—a technique involving the burning of mugwort to apply heat to specific points on the body.

Modern scientific research on Artemisia argyi has focused mainly on its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. There is limited evidence from laboratory or animal studies suggesting potential cardiovascular effects, but there are no robust clinical trials directly supporting its use for chest pain (angina, cardiac pain, or other etiologies) in humans. Existing clinical literature does not substantiate its efficacy or mechanism for alleviating chest pain. Therefore, its use for this condition remains rooted in tradition, with little to no scientific corroboration.

In summary, Chinese mugwort’s application for chest pain is justified by traditional usage in TCM, but the quality of evidence supporting this use is low by modern medical standards.