Sicilian Sumac (Rhus coriaria) has a long history of traditional use in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern herbal medicine. It has been employed for a variety of ailments, including digestive issues, infections, and as a general tonic. In some historical and ethnobotanical sources, sumac is mentioned as a remedy used to "cool" the body or relieve symptoms that may correspond to chills or fevers, though its primary traditional uses are more often related to its astringent and antimicrobial properties.

However, there is little direct reference specifically to the treatment of "chills" as a standalone complaint. In systems such as Unani or traditional Mediterranean medicine, sumac may have been included in mixtures or diets for people suffering from febrile illnesses, where chills are a symptom, due to its perceived cooling and astringent effects. Scientific literature does not currently support or investigate sumac as a treatment for chills specifically, and there are no modern clinical studies validating its use for this symptom.

Thus, the use of Sicilian Sumac for chills is justified primarily on the basis of historical tradition, with only indirect or anecdotal evidence. There is no robust scientific validation for this application at present.