Relationship: Cholesterol (high) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)

Evidence supporting the use of: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)
For the health condition: Cholesterol (high)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is a long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid found primarily in marine sources such as fish oil. Its use for supporting or treating high cholesterol is primarily justified by scientific research rather than traditional medicine. The majority of evidence indicates that EPA and other omega-3 fatty acids can have beneficial effects on blood lipid profiles, although their impact is more pronounced on triglyceride levels than on LDL cholesterol (the "bad" cholesterol). Clinical trials have consistently demonstrated that EPA supplementation lowers serum triglycerides, which is an important aspect of cardiovascular risk management. Prescription forms of EPA, such as icosapent ethyl (Vascepa), have been approved specifically for reducing cardiovascular risk in patients with elevated triglycerides.

While EPA can slightly increase HDL cholesterol (the "good" cholesterol) and may have a modest effect on lowering LDL cholesterol, its primary mechanism is reducing hepatic triglyceride synthesis and increasing clearance of triglyceride-rich particles. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews have shown significant triglyceride-lowering effects with doses of 2-4 grams per day of EPA or combined EPA/DHA. However, the effect on LDL cholesterol is typically neutral or may even slightly increase in some individuals. The REDUCE-IT trial (2018) provided robust evidence for the cardiovascular benefit of high-dose pure EPA in statin-treated patients, further validating its clinical relevance.

In summary, EPA is scientifically validated for improving blood lipid profiles, particularly by lowering triglycerides, and has an established role in cardiovascular risk reduction. Its direct effect on high cholesterol (LDL) is modest, but it remains an important adjunct in lipid management.

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Products containing EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)

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Evidence supporting the use of: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)
For the health condition: Cholesterol (high)

Table of Contents

Synopsis

Other ingredients used for Cholesterol (high)

Other health conditions supported by EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)

Products containing EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)

Health Concerns

Brands

Evidence supporting the use of: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)For the health condition: Cholesterol (high)

Table of Contents

Synopsis

Other ingredients used for Cholesterol (high)

Other health conditions supported by EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)

Products containing EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)

Evidence supporting the use of: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)
For the health condition: Cholesterol (high)