Evidence supporting the use of: Ginkgo biloba
For the health condition: Circulation (to the brain)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Ginkgo biloba has been traditionally used for centuries in Chinese medicine, but its use for supporting circulation to the brain is also backed by a significant body of scientific research. The active compounds in ginkgo, primarily flavonoids and terpenoids, are believed to exert vasodilatory and antioxidant effects, which may enhance blood flow, particularly in microvascular territories such as the brain. Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have investigated Ginkgo biloba extract (notably EGb 761) for conditions related to cerebral insufficiency, including age-related cognitive decline and symptoms such as memory loss, dizziness, and confusion. Some studies report modest improvements in cognitive function and activities of daily living in elderly patients, attributed in part to improved cerebral blood flow.

However, the quality and consistency of evidence vary. While some clinical trials and systematic reviews suggest a small positive effect, others find no significant benefit compared to placebo. The evidence is stronger for mild circulatory and cognitive symptoms, and less convincing for severe or advanced disorders. Overall, Ginkgo biloba is widely used in Europe and Asia for supporting brain circulation, and its mechanism—improved microcirculation and neuroprotection—has plausible scientific support. Nevertheless, results are mixed, and the effect size is generally modest, leading to a moderate evidence rating. Further large-scale, high-quality studies are needed to clarify its efficacy and optimal use.

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