Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Perilla (Perilla frutescens), also known as shiso, has a long history of use in traditional East Asian medicine, particularly in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese systems. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), perilla leaves are known as "Zi Su Ye" and are commonly used to treat symptoms associated with the common cold, such as cough, congestion, and fever. The herb is believed to have properties that "dispel wind-cold," a TCM concept referring to external pathogens causing respiratory symptoms. Perilla is typically used in combination with other herbs in decoctions or teas meant to support respiratory health and alleviate cold symptoms.

Scientific evidence supporting perilla's antiviral effects against cold viruses is limited. Some in vitro studies have demonstrated that perilla extracts possess modest antiviral activity, including against certain influenza strains. The plant contains compounds such as rosmarinic acid, luteolin, and perillaldehyde, which have shown anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties in laboratory settings. However, clinical trials in humans assessing the efficacy of perilla specifically for treating or preventing the common cold are lacking. Thus, while the traditional use is well-documented and there is some preliminary scientific rationale, robust clinical evidence is currently lacking, placing the strength of evidence at a 2 out of 5.

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