Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Menthol oil, derived from peppermint, is widely used in over-the-counter remedies for colds, particularly as a topical decongestant. Its use has both a scientific and traditional basis, but the scientific evidence supporting its effectiveness is moderate at best. Menthol acts on cold-sensitive TRPM8 receptors in the nose and upper respiratory tract, creating a sensation of increased airflow and improved breathing, even though it does not physiologically decongest nasal passages. Studies have shown that while menthol may not significantly decrease nasal airway resistance or directly clear congestion, it can subjectively make patients feel less congested. This perceived relief can be beneficial for improving comfort during colds. Historical use of menthol-containing balms and inhalants spans well over a century, and it remains a popular remedy in many cultures. However, systematic reviews and clinical trials suggest that its benefits are mostly related to symptom perception rather than measurable changes in congestion. In summary, while menthol oil does not directly treat the underlying cause of nasal congestion, its use is supported by moderate scientific evidence for alleviating the sensation of stuffiness and providing subjective relief during colds.

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