Indian Long Pepper (Piper longum) has a long history of use in traditional Indian medicine, particularly Ayurveda and Unani. It is commonly included in herbal formulations intended to address digestive complaints, including colic in children. In the Ayurvedic system, Piper longum is believed to stimulate digestion, reduce "vata" (an Ayurvedic dosha linked to wind and bloating), and relieve abdominal discomfort. Classical Ayurvedic texts such as the Charaka Samhita mention its use in pediatric digestive disorders.

However, scientific evidence supporting the efficacy of Indian Long Pepper for colic in children is very limited. A few in vitro and animal studies suggest that the plant has spasmolytic and carminative effects, but these do not specifically address colic in children, nor do they provide clinical confirmation. There are no robust randomized controlled trials or systematic reviews validating its safety or efficacy for pediatric colic in modern scientific literature.

Therefore, the use of Indian Long Pepper for colic in children is justified primarily by traditional practice rather than by scientific validation. Caution is advised, as the safety profile for infants and young children is not well established in clinical research.