Lactobacillus plantarum and Colitis: Scientific Evidence

Lactobacillus plantarum is a probiotic bacterium that has been investigated for its potential role in managing colitis, particularly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis. Scientific studies, primarily preclinical (animal) models and some small-scale clinical trials, provide moderate evidence supporting its use.

Experimental studies in animals have shown that L. plantarum administration can reduce colonic inflammation, improve mucosal barrier function, and modulate immune responses. For example, in chemically-induced colitis models (e.g., DSS or TNBS-induced colitis in mice/rats), L. plantarum supplementation has been associated with decreased inflammatory cytokine production (such as TNF-α, IL-6), improved histopathological scores, and enhanced expression of tight junction proteins.

Human data are more limited but promising. A few small randomized controlled trials and pilot studies have reported that L. plantarum (either alone or as part of a probiotic mixture) may help maintain remission or reduce disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis. However, these studies often have small sample sizes and varying methodologies, making broad conclusions difficult. No major safety concerns have been reported in these contexts.

Overall, the scientific evidence for L. plantarum in colitis is moderate (rating: 3/5), with supportive preclinical and early clinical data, but large, well-designed clinical trials are still needed for definitive recommendations.