Aniracetam is a synthetic nootropic compound of the racetam family, originally developed in the 1970s. It has been widely studied in animal models and to a lesser extent in human clinical trials, primarily for its potential cognitive-enhancing effects, including possible benefits for concentration and attention. The proposed mechanisms of action include modulation of AMPA receptors (a subtype of glutamate receptors involved in synaptic transmission and plasticity), as well as effects on cholinergic, dopaminergic, and serotonergic systems in the brain.

Several animal studies have demonstrated that aniracetam can improve performance in attention-related tasks and reverse cognitive deficits induced by pharmacological agents or aging. However, human evidence is limited. Some small clinical trials and open-label studies have reported improvements in cognitive function, including attention and memory, in patients with dementia or cognitive impairment. For example, studies in elderly populations with cognitive decline have shown modest improvements in attention and mental performance. However, high-quality randomized controlled trials specifically in healthy individuals or those with isolated poor concentration are lacking.

Overall, while there is a plausible scientific rationale and some preliminary evidence supporting aniracetam’s use for improving concentration, the quality and quantity of human data are insufficient for strong conclusions. Therefore, the evidence supporting its use for poor concentration is rated as low to moderate (2/5).