Evidence supporting the use of: Arisaema cum bile
For the health condition: Congestion (sinus)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Arisaema cum bile is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation, typically made by processing the tuber of Arisaema erubescens (or related species) with bovine bile. In TCM, this remedy is known as "Dan Nan Xing" (胆南星) and is commonly used to address "phlegm-heat" conditions, particularly those involving the respiratory tract such as cough with thick sputum, and to relieve symptoms of sinus congestion and inflammation. The rationale is based on its purported effects to "resolve phlegm," "clear heat," and "disperse wind," which in TCM theory corresponds to alleviating blockages and inflammation in the sinuses and upper respiratory passages.

Despite its long-standing use for this purpose, scientific validation remains limited. Some pharmacological studies on Arisaema species indicate anti-inflammatory and expectorant effects in animal models, and bile processing may enhance the reduction of tuber toxicity and potentially modify its pharmacodynamics. However, rigorous clinical trials in humans for sinus congestion or related conditions are lacking. Thus, the use of Arisaema cum bile to treat sinus congestion is primarily justified by TCM tradition and supported by anecdotal and historical reports rather than robust scientific evidence.

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