Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Betel (Piper betle) has been traditionally used in various cultures, particularly in South and Southeast Asia, for the relief of respiratory issues including sinus congestion. Traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda and folk remedies often recommend betel leaves for their purported expectorant and decongestant properties. The leaves are sometimes chewed, used in steam inhalations, or applied as poultices to help clear nasal passages and alleviate congestion. The rationale behind this usage is linked to the essential oils found in betel leaves, primarily eugenol and chavicol, which are believed to possess mild antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and stimulant effects that may provide subjective relief from congestion. However, the scientific evidence supporting the effectiveness of betel leaves for treating sinus congestion is very limited. Few laboratory studies have explored the pharmacological properties of betel, and those that do exist focus mainly on its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro or in animal models. There is a lack of well-conducted clinical trials examining its efficacy specifically for sinus congestion in humans. Therefore, while the use of betel for sinus congestion is justified by tradition, it is not strongly supported by rigorous scientific evidence. Caution is also advised due to potential side effects associated with long-term or excessive betel use, including oral health risks.

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