Evidence supporting the use of: Capsaicinoid
For the health condition: Congestion (sinus)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Capsaicinoid, the active component in chili peppers, has been studied for its effects on nasal and sinus congestion. Scientific evidence indicates that capsaicin nasal sprays can reduce symptoms in patients with non-allergic (vasomotor) rhinitis and certain forms of chronic sinus congestion. Capsaicin works by desensitizing sensory neurons in the nasal mucosa, which can decrease nasal hyper-reactivity and reduce congestion and related symptoms. Clinical trials have shown statistically significant improvements in nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and overall quality of life after repeated intranasal capsaicin treatments, especially in patients with non-allergic rhinitis. The mechanism is thought to involve the depletion of substance P, a neuropeptide involved in pain and inflammation signaling. While there is moderate quality evidence supporting the use of capsaicin for non-allergic rhinitis, evidence for its use in allergic rhinitis or acute infective sinusitis is more limited. The primary limitation is that the initial application of capsaicin can be quite irritating, causing burning and discomfort, though this effect typically decreases with subsequent doses. Overall, capsaicinoid nasal sprays are not a first-line therapy, but scientific studies do validate their use for certain types of sinus congestion, especially when conventional treatments fail. Capsaicin’s role in sinus congestion is documented in several peer-reviewed studies and review articles as of 2023.

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