Evidence supporting the use of: Citrulline
For the health condition: Congestive Heart Failure

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Citrulline is a non-essential amino acid that is involved in the urea cycle and the production of nitric oxide (NO) via its conversion to arginine. Nitric oxide plays a vital role in vascular health by promoting vasodilation and enhancing blood flow. In the context of congestive heart failure (CHF), impaired endothelial function and reduced NO bioavailability are common pathophysiological features. Several small clinical studies and experimental models have examined the effects of citrulline supplementation in heart failure or cardiovascular disease. Some studies suggest that citrulline may improve endothelial function, reduce blood pressure, and possibly enhance cardiac output by increasing NO-mediated vasodilation. However, most studies are limited by small sample sizes, short durations, and variable endpoints. While there is a plausible physiological rationale and preliminary clinical evidence suggesting a potential benefit, the overall quality and quantity of evidence are low. Major clinical guidelines do not currently recommend citrulline as a standard treatment for CHF, and its use remains investigational. More robust, large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to establish efficacy and safety in this population. Thus, while there is some scientific basis for the use of citrulline in CHF, the supporting evidence is limited and not definitive.

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