Evidence supporting the use of: Interferon gamma
For the health condition: Contagious Diseases

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Interferon gamma is a cytokine with important immunomodulatory functions, especially in the activation of macrophages and promotion of Th1-type immune responses. Its use in treating or supporting contagious diseases is based on scientific evidence, but its application is limited to specific conditions rather than as a broad-spectrum treatment for all infectious diseases. Interferon gamma has received regulatory approval for the treatment of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) and severe, malignant osteopetrosis, both of which are rare disorders characterized by defective immune responses and increased susceptibility to certain infections. In these cases, interferon gamma helps enhance the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, reducing the frequency and severity of infections.

In the context of more common contagious diseases, such as viral or bacterial infections in the general population, the evidence supporting the routine use of interferon gamma is less robust. Some clinical studies and experimental models have investigated its potential benefit in diseases like tuberculosis, leprosy, and certain viral infections, but results have been mixed and concerns about toxicity and side effects have limited its widespread adoption. Thus, while there is scientific evidence to support its use for specific immunodeficiencies that predispose to infection, its use as a general treatment or supportive agent for contagious diseases is not broadly supported by high-level evidence or clinical practice guidelines. The evidence rating is therefore moderate, reflecting its proven efficacy in narrow indications but limited evidence for broader infectious disease use.

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