Peptides are short chains of amino acids that play crucial roles in various physiological processes, including tissue repair, immune modulation, and cellular signaling. Their use in supporting convalescence (the recovery phase after illness or surgery) is primarily based on scientific understanding of their biological functions. During convalescence, the body requires increased protein synthesis for tissue repair, immune system recovery, and restoration of normal physiological functions. Supplementation with peptides, especially those derived from hydrolyzed proteins (such as collagen peptides or casein peptides), has been shown to enhance protein absorption and utilization compared to intact proteins. This can be particularly beneficial for individuals with compromised digestion or increased metabolic demands during recovery.

Clinical studies have demonstrated that certain peptides can stimulate wound healing, modulate inflammation, and promote muscle mass retention in catabolic states. For example, specific bioactive peptides have been reported to accelerate healing in pressure ulcers and surgical wounds. Additionally, oral peptide supplementation is sometimes recommended for elderly or malnourished patients to help preserve lean body mass and improve overall recovery outcomes. However, while the mechanistic rationale and some clinical evidence exist, large-scale, high-quality randomized controlled trials specifically evaluating peptides for general convalescence are limited. Therefore, the scientific backing is moderate (3/5), with evidence strongest in specific populations or conditions rather than universal use.