Evidence supporting the use of: Glycyrrhizinic acid
For the health condition: Cough (damp)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 3

Glycyrrhizinic acid is a principal active compound in licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra), which has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and other herbal traditions. In TCM, licorice (known as "Gan Cao") is used as a harmonizing herb and is commonly included in formulations to treat "cough (damp)," which typically refers to coughs characterized by phlegm or mucus production. The rationale for its use in TCM is based on its reputed abilities to tonify the spleen, moisten the lungs, and clear heat and toxins. Glycyrrhizinic acid is believed to contribute to these effects due to its demulcent (soothing) and anti-inflammatory properties. While there is some preclinical and clinical evidence that glycyrrhizinic acid and licorice extracts can exert anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and expectorant effects, the bulk of the justification for its use in "damp cough" specifically derives from traditional practice rather than robust, targeted clinical research. Some modern studies have investigated licorice's effect on respiratory tract inflammation and as an adjunct in cough remedies, but these studies are generally limited in size, quality, and direct applicability to the traditional concept of "damp cough." Therefore, the evidence rating is moderate for tradition, but only limited scientific validation exists for this specific indication.

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