The use of Bengal Fig (Ficus benghalensis) for treating dry cough is primarily rooted in traditional medicine, particularly in Ayurveda and other South Asian systems of medicine. Traditionally, different parts of the Bengal Fig—such as the bark, aerial roots, and leaves—have been used for their purported medicinal properties, including as remedies for respiratory ailments like coughs. Texts and ethnobotanical surveys mention its expectorant and soothing qualities, often administered as decoctions or infusions for respiratory tract irritation.

However, the scientific validation for these uses is limited. While Ficus benghalensis contains various phytochemicals (such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins) that could, in theory, have anti-inflammatory or soothing effects on mucous membranes, direct studies evaluating its efficacy specifically for dry cough are lacking. Few animal studies have explored its general anti-inflammatory or antimicrobial properties, which may be tangentially relevant, but robust clinical trials or pharmacological studies confirming its benefit for dry cough are absent.

In summary, Bengal Fig’s use for dry cough is supported by traditional knowledge rather than scientific evidence. The strength of evidence is rated as 2/5, reflecting its established place in traditional medicine but the paucity of modern research directly supporting its efficacy for this indication.