Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 3

Fritillaria, particularly species such as Fritillaria cirrhosa and Fritillaria thunbergii, has a long history of use in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the treatment of cough, especially dry or non-productive coughs. In TCM theory, Fritillaria bulbs ("Chuan Bei Mu" or "Zhe Bei Mu") are believed to moisten the lungs, clear heat, and resolve phlegm, making them a common ingredient in herbal formulas for cough and other respiratory complaints. Historical texts, including the Shennong Bencao Jing (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica), document its use for these purposes dating back over a thousand years.

Modern pharmacological studies have identified several alkaloids in Fritillaria species, such as peimine and peiminine, that demonstrate antitussive (cough-suppressing) properties in animal models. These compounds are thought to act on the cough center in the brain, reduce airway inflammation, and promote secretion of respiratory mucus, which may help soothe dry cough. However, while these findings provide a plausible mechanism for its effects, most evidence stems from preclinical research or small-scale clinical studies, and robust, large-scale randomized controlled trials in humans are lacking.

In summary, the use of Fritillaria for dry cough is strongly rooted in traditional herbal practice, with some emerging scientific support, but the overall evidence is moderate and further rigorous clinical research is needed to confirm its efficacy and safety.

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