Evidence supporting the use of: Lactucarium
For the health condition: Cough (dry)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lactucarium, often referred to as "lettuce opium," is a milky latex derived from Lactuca virosa and related lettuce species. Its use as a remedy for cough, particularly dry or irritating coughs, is primarily rooted in traditional herbal medicine. Historical records from the 19th and early 20th centuries describe lactucarium as a mild sedative and antitussive (cough suppressant), likely due to its purported opiate-like effects, though it does not contain true opiates. It was commonly included in cough syrups and lozenges before the advent of modern pharmaceuticals. However, scientific evidence supporting its efficacy for treating cough is minimal. Most claims are based on anecdotal reports or historical usage rather than controlled clinical studies. The active compounds, including lactucin and lactucopicrin, have been investigated for mild sedative and analgesic effects, but there is little direct research on their impact on cough reflex or respiratory irritation. Modern pharmacological literature generally regards lactucarium's effects as weak and unreliable compared to contemporary antitussives. In summary, the use of lactucarium for dry cough is justified primarily by traditional use, with scant scientific validation. While it played a role in historical herbal medicine, it is not widely used or recommended today due to insufficient evidence of efficacy and the availability of more effective treatments.

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