Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Menthol oil, derived from peppermint or other mint oils, has a long history of use as a remedy for coughs, particularly dry coughs. Its efficacy is primarily supported by scientific mechanisms and some clinical evidence, although the overall strength of evidence is moderate. Menthol acts as a counterirritant and produces a cooling sensation by activating TRPM8 receptors in the respiratory tract. This sensation can provide subjective relief from the urge to cough, making menthol a common ingredient in over-the-counter cough drops, rubs, and inhalants. Several studies have demonstrated that inhalation of menthol vapor can reduce the cough reflex sensitivity in healthy volunteers and some patients with cough, though the effect size is generally mild to moderate and may vary between individuals. However, systematic reviews and clinical guidelines note that while menthol can offer symptomatic relief, it does not address the underlying cause of cough and does not significantly shorten the duration of respiratory illnesses. Historical and traditional use also supports menthol’s role in cough relief, but the current rating reflects the available scientific data. In conclusion, menthol oil's use for supporting relief from dry cough is justified by both its physiological effects and moderate scientific evidence, though it should be considered a symptomatic rather than curative intervention.

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