Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Basil (Ocimum basilicum) has a long history of use in traditional medicine systems, particularly in Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine, as a remedy for coughs and respiratory ailments. In these traditions, basil leaves are often used to prepare teas, syrups, or decoctions that are administered to soothe cough and relieve symptoms of respiratory tract infections. The rationale behind its use is based on basil’s purported expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, which are believed to help clear mucus and ease throat irritation.

Some preclinical studies have identified bioactive compounds in basil, such as eugenol, linalool, and various flavonoids, which may have mild anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. However, robust clinical trials in humans specifically evaluating basil’s efficacy for cough are lacking. Most of the available evidence remains anecdotal or based on traditional usage, with only limited experimental or observational support from animal and in vitro studies. As such, while basil continues to be used in folk remedies for cough, its effectiveness is not well-supported by strong scientific evidence. The traditional use, coupled with weak laboratory evidence, justifies a modest evidence rating.

In summary, basil’s use for cough is primarily justified by its longstanding role in traditional medicine, with only limited scientific backing, and should be considered as a complementary approach rather than a primary treatment for cough.

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