Evidence supporting the use of: Fritillaria (unspecified)
For the health condition: Cough (spastic)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 3

Fritillaria (most commonly Fritillaria cirrhosa or Fritillaria thunbergii, known as "Chuan Bei Mu" and "Zhe Bei Mu" in Traditional Chinese Medicine [TCM]) has a long-standing traditional use for the treatment of cough, particularly spasmodic (spastic) cough, with or without phlegm. In TCM, Fritillaria bulbs are considered to have "cooling" and "phlegm-resolving" properties and are frequently included in herbal formulations to relieve coughs resulting from lung heat or dryness. Historical medical texts and pharmacopeias, such as the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, document its use for various respiratory conditions, including dry cough, chronic cough, and cough with thick sputum.

Modern pharmacological studies have begun to investigate the bioactive compounds in Fritillaria (notably alkaloids like peimine and peiminine), which demonstrate antitussive (cough-suppressing), expectorant, and anti-inflammatory effects in cellular and animal models. However, well-designed clinical trials in humans are limited, and most evidence in support of its use for spastic cough remains traditional or based on preclinical research. Therefore, while there is a scientific rationale and some preliminary evidence, the primary justification for its use is traditional, and the overall evidence rating is moderate (3/5) due to the lack of robust clinical data.

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