Evidence supporting the use of: Peppermint leaf
For the health condition: Cramps and Spasms

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Peppermint Leaf for Cramps and Spasms: Evidence Summary

Peppermint leaf (Mentha × piperita) is traditionally used to alleviate digestive complaints, including cramps and spasms. The justification for its use is supported by both historical practice and emerging scientific evidence, particularly relating to its antispasmodic effects on smooth muscle.

The primary active constituent, menthol, has demonstrated smooth muscle relaxant properties in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Research indicates that peppermint oil, which contains concentrated menthol and other volatile compounds found in the leaf, can reduce spasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical studies have shown benefits for conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), where peppermint oil capsules decreased abdominal pain and cramping compared to placebo. These effects appear to be due to calcium channel blockade and direct smooth muscle relaxation.

While most clinical trials use peppermint oil rather than the leaf itself, the leaf contains similar volatile oils, albeit in lower concentrations. Thus, while the evidence is stronger for standardized peppermint oil, there is a plausible mechanism for peppermint leaf infusions or extracts to exert mild antispasmodic effects.

In summary, while direct high-quality clinical evidence for peppermint leaf alone is limited, the scientific rationale and related studies on peppermint oil support its use for mild cramps and spasms, meriting a moderate evidence rating.

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