Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Trace minerals, such as magnesium, calcium, potassium, and sodium, play vital roles in muscle function and the regulation of nerve impulses. Deficiencies or imbalances in these minerals have been associated with muscle cramps and spasms, particularly in populations at risk (e.g., athletes, pregnant women, the elderly). Among these, magnesium is most frequently discussed in the context of muscle cramping. Several studies have explored magnesium supplementation for the prevention or treatment of muscle cramps, especially in pregnant women and athletes, with mixed results. Some randomized controlled trials have shown a modest benefit, while others have found no significant effect. Similarly, calcium and potassium supplementation have historical and theoretical support, as imbalances are known to affect muscle excitability, but robust clinical evidence for supplementation in the absence of a deficiency is limited.

Overall, while there is a scientific rationale for the use of trace minerals in the prevention and treatment of cramps and spasms—especially when a deficiency is present—the quality and consistency of the evidence for routine supplementation in the general population is low to moderate. Current clinical guidelines generally recommend correction of confirmed deficiencies rather than routine supplementation. Therefore, the use of trace minerals for cramps and spasms is supported by scientific reasoning, but the empirical evidence is not strong, leading to a moderate rating of 2 out of 5.

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