Evidence supporting the use of: Black currant
For the health condition: Cramps (menstrual)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Black currant (Ribes nigrum) has a history of use in traditional herbal medicine for a variety of ailments, including menstrual cramps. The traditional use is largely based on the anti-inflammatory properties of black currant seed oil, which is rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid. GLA is known to influence prostaglandin synthesis, which plays a role in the uterine contractions and pain associated with menstrual cramps. Historical herbal texts and folk medicine sources often mention black currant as a remedy for "female complaints," though specifics are rarely detailed. There is some overlap with the use of other GLA-rich oils, such as evening primrose oil, for similar purposes.

Scientific studies specifically examining black currant for menstrual cramps are limited. Most available evidence pertains to its general anti-inflammatory effects or its GLA content, rather than direct clinical trials on dysmenorrhea (menstrual pain). A few small studies and anecdotal reports suggest a potential benefit, likely due to the modulation of inflammatory pathways. However, these studies are neither large nor rigorous enough to provide strong scientific validation. Therefore, while there is a plausible biological mechanism and a tradition of use, robust clinical evidence is lacking, supporting only a modest evidence rating.

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