Evidence supporting the use of: European peony
For the health condition: Cramps (menstrual)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

European peony (Paeonia officinalis) has a long history of traditional use in Europe and Asia for managing menstrual disorders, including menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea). The use of peony root for women's reproductive health dates back to ancient Greek and Roman medicine, and it is also a key component in traditional Chinese medicine (often paired with licorice root in formulas like "Shaoyao Gancao Tang"). These traditional systems attribute muscle relaxant, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic properties to peony root, which are thought to help relieve uterine muscle contractions and thus reduce cramping. However, scientific validation for its effectiveness specifically for menstrual cramps is limited. While some laboratory and animal studies suggest that compounds in peony may have muscle relaxant or anti-inflammatory effects, high-quality clinical trials in humans are lacking. The evidence base is mainly historical and anecdotal, with only a few small studies (typically in combination herbal formulas) suggesting potential benefit. Therefore, the primary justification for using European peony for menstrual cramps is traditional use, with modest supporting evidence, but there is not yet robust scientific validation.

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