Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Phytocannabinoids, primarily derived from the Cannabis sativa plant (such as THC and CBD), have attracted scientific interest for their potential role in supporting or treating Crohn's Disease, an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The rationale for their use is based on the endocannabinoid system's involvement in gut homeostasis, modulation of immune responses, and reduction of inflammation. Small clinical trials and observational studies suggest that phytocannabinoids may improve subjective symptoms like abdominal pain, appetite, and overall quality of life in Crohn's Disease patients. For example, a 2013 randomized controlled trial (Naftali et al., Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology) found that inhaled cannabis led to clinical remission in a subset of patients with active Crohn's Disease who were refractory to conventional treatments. However, the studies conducted so far are generally small, short in duration, and often lack placebo controls or objective measures of disease activity (such as endoscopic healing). Systematic reviews and guidelines from medical organizations (e.g., ECCO) conclude that while phytocannabinoids may help with symptom management, there is insufficient evidence to recommend them for treating the underlying inflammation of Crohn's Disease. Thus, the current scientific evidence is promising but limited, and more robust, long-term clinical trials are needed before phytocannabinoids can be formally recommended as a treatment for Crohn's Disease.

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