Evidence supporting the use of: DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid)
For the health condition: Dementia

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid) is an omega-3 fatty acid found abundantly in the brain and is critical for normal neural function. Its role in supporting or treating dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease, is based on scientific interest in the neuroprotective properties of DHA. Preclinical studies have shown that DHA may reduce beta-amyloid accumulation, support synaptic function, and reduce neuroinflammation, which are mechanisms implicated in dementia pathogenesis.

Human observational studies have reported that higher dietary intake of DHA or higher blood DHA levels are associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline and dementia. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have produced mixed results. Some studies in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or early-stage dementia have shown modest benefits in slowing cognitive decline, but others have found no significant effect, particularly in those with established dementia. Overall, systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest that while DHA supplementation may benefit cognitive function in healthy older adults or those at risk, it does not consistently improve symptoms or progression in diagnosed dementia.

In summary, the use of DHA for dementia is supported by biological plausibility and some observational evidence, but robust clinical evidence for therapeutic efficacy is limited. Thus, its use is scientifically motivated, but the strength of evidence is moderate to low.

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