Evidence supporting the use of: Ginkgolide B
For the health condition: Dementia

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Ginkgolide B is a major terpene lactone component of Ginkgo biloba extract, which has been traditionally used in Chinese medicine for cognitive enhancement and circulatory disorders. The use of Ginkgo biloba extracts (standardized to contain ginkgolides, including Ginkgolide B) for dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, is supported by some scientific research. Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have investigated the efficacy of Ginkgo biloba extract (often EGb 761) in improving cognitive function in dementia patients. Some studies have reported modest benefits in cognition, activities of daily living, and global assessment in people with mild to moderate dementia, compared to placebo. However, the effect sizes are generally small, and not all studies are positive; results are somewhat inconsistent and may be influenced by study quality and publication bias.

It is important to note that the majority of studies focus on whole Ginkgo biloba extract, not isolated Ginkgolide B, so direct evidence for Ginkgolide B alone is limited. The proposed mechanisms include inhibition of platelet-activating factor (PAF), antioxidant effects, and improved cerebral blood flow. Major guidelines (such as NICE and American Academy of Neurology) do not strongly recommend Ginkgo for dementia due to inconsistent evidence and concerns about clinical relevance. Therefore, while there is a scientific basis for the use of Ginkgolide B-containing extracts in dementia, the evidence supporting efficacy is limited and not definitive.

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