Evidence supporting the use of: Mushroom (various)
For the health condition: Dementia

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Mushrooms, particularly certain species such as Lion’s Mane (Hericium erinaceus), have been investigated for their potential cognitive benefits, including support for dementia. A number of preclinical studies using animal models suggest that compounds in Lion's Mane mushrooms, specifically hericenones and erinacines, may stimulate nerve growth factor (NGF) synthesis and promote neurogenesis. Some small-scale human studies and pilot trials have also been conducted. For example, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial published in 2009 found that elderly Japanese individuals with mild cognitive impairment who consumed Lion’s Mane mushroom powder for 16 weeks showed modest improvements in cognitive function compared to placebo, but these benefits diminished after discontinuation. However, the sample sizes were small and the studies had limitations in duration and design.

Other mushrooms, such as Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) and Cordyceps, have been used traditionally for general health, but evidence specific to dementia is largely lacking or limited to in vitro or animal models. Overall, while there is scientific interest and some early clinical investigation—particularly for Lion’s Mane—the evidence remains preliminary and not robust enough to support strong clinical recommendations. More large-scale, well-controlled human studies are needed to confirm efficacy and safety in dementia treatment or prevention.

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