Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin B12 (methylcobalamin)
For the health condition: Dementia

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Vitamin B12 (methylcobalamin) is considered to have a scientific basis for use in dementia, but the evidence is limited and not robust. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause neurological and cognitive symptoms that mimic or worsen dementia, particularly in older adults. Several observational studies and clinical guidelines suggest that identifying and correcting B12 deficiency is important in patients presenting with cognitive decline. However, supplementation with B12 is only effective in improving cognitive function in individuals who are deficient. Large randomized controlled trials in patients with normal B12 levels have not shown cognitive benefits from supplementation. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and other expert bodies recommend B12 testing in dementia work-ups and supplementation if deficiency is found, but do not recommend routine use for all dementia patients. In summary, there is scientific validation for the use of B12 in specific cases of deficiency-related cognitive impairment, but not for general dementia treatment or prevention. The overall quality of evidence supporting B12 for dementia is low to moderate, justifying a rating of 2 on the 0-5 scale.

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