Malva sylvestris (common mallow) has a long history of traditional use in the treatment of skin ailments, including dermatitis. Historical texts and ethnobotanical records from Europe and the Mediterranean region describe the topical application of mallow leaves and flowers for soothing inflammatory skin conditions such as eczema, minor wounds, and dermatitis. The plant contains mucilaginous compounds, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, which are believed to contribute to its emollient and anti-inflammatory effects when applied to the skin.

While laboratory studies have identified anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in extracts of Malva sylvestris, high-quality clinical trials specifically evaluating its efficacy for dermatitis are lacking. Most of the available evidence comes from in vitro or animal studies, which show some potential for reducing inflammation and supporting skin barrier function. However, this preclinical evidence has not yet been robustly translated into well-controlled human studies for dermatitis treatment.

In summary, the use of Malva sylvestris for dermatitis is primarily justified by traditional use, supported by a low to moderate level of preclinical scientific evidence (hence, an evidence rating of 2/5). Further clinical research is needed to confirm its efficacy and safety in the management of dermatitis.