Menthol oil, derived from peppermint or other mint plants, has been traditionally used for its cooling and soothing properties in various skin conditions, including dermatitis. However, its use in dermatitis has also been the subject of some scientific investigation, albeit limited. The primary mechanism by which menthol may benefit dermatitis is through activation of the TRPM8 receptor on sensory nerves, which produces a cooling sensation and can help alleviate itching (pruritus), a major symptom of dermatitis.

Several small clinical studies and case reports have explored the topical use of menthol (typically at concentrations of 1-5%) for pruritus associated with various dermatological conditions. Some studies suggest that menthol-containing formulations can effectively reduce itch intensity in conditions such as atopic dermatitis and chronic pruritus. For example, a 2012 study published in the Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology found that topical menthol reduced pruritus severity in patients with chronic itchy skin diseases.

However, menthol can also be irritating or sensitizing to some individuals, especially at higher concentrations, and may exacerbate dermatitis in sensitive skin. Therefore, while there is some scientific evidence supporting its symptomatic use—primarily for itch relief rather than as a primary treatment for dermatitis—the overall strength of evidence is limited (rated 2 out of 5). Its use should be approached cautiously, especially in children or those with sensitive or broken skin.