Crocetin, a carotenoid compound found in saffron (Crocus sativus), has garnered some scientific interest for its potential role in supporting or treating diabetic retinopathy. The evidence supporting its use is primarily preclinical, with a limited number of animal studies and early clinical investigations. Experimental models have shown that crocetin exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, which may be beneficial in the context of diabetic retinopathy—a condition characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, and retinal cell death. For example, several studies in diabetic rodent models have demonstrated that crocetin administration can reduce retinal vascular leakage, inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and protect retinal cells from apoptosis. These effects are believed to be mediated through the modulation of oxidative stress pathways and inhibition of inflammatory mediators.

Human clinical evidence, however, is very limited. A few small-scale studies and reviews suggest potential benefit, but robust randomized controlled trials are lacking. As a result, while there is a scientific basis for the potential of crocetin in diabetic retinopathy, the current evidence is not strong enough to warrant its widespread clinical use for this indication. Most recommendations are cautious, suggesting that further research—especially well-designed human trials—is necessary to confirm efficacy and safety.