Evidence supporting the use of: Flavanones (various)
For the health condition: Diabetic Retinopathy

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Flavanones, a subclass of flavonoids found in citrus fruits and some medicinal plants, have attracted attention for their potential benefits in diabetic retinopathy (DR). The primary scientific rationale centers on their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and vasoprotective properties, which are relevant to the pathogenesis of DR—a condition marked by oxidative stress, inflammation, and microvascular damage in the retina. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that flavanones such as hesperidin and naringenin can attenuate retinal oxidative damage, reduce vascular leakage, and inhibit inflammatory mediators in animal models of diabetes. For example, research published in journals like "Molecular Vision" and "Phytotherapy Research" has reported retinal protection and improvement in retinal function in diabetic rodents treated with flavanone-rich extracts or isolated compounds. However, direct clinical evidence in humans remains limited. While some small-scale human studies and pilot trials suggest possible benefits in retinal microcirculation and oxidative markers, robust, large-scale randomized controlled trials specifically assessing the impact of flavanones on diabetic retinopathy progression are lacking. Thus, while the use of flavanones for DR is grounded in plausible mechanisms and supportive animal data, its application in clinical practice is not yet substantiated by high-level evidence.

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