Evidence supporting the use of: Cyperus rotundus
For the health condition: Dysmenorrhea

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 3

Cyperus rotundus, commonly known as nutgrass, has a long history of use in traditional medicine systems, especially in Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), for the treatment of menstrual disorders including dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation). In Ayurveda, it is referred to as "Musta" and is considered to have properties that balance doshas and alleviate pain associated with menstruation. In TCM, Cyperus rotundus (known as Xiang Fu) is used to regulate Qi, relieve pain, and treat menstrual irregularities and cramping.

Several preclinical studies support its traditional use: extracts of Cyperus rotundus have demonstrated antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effects in animal models, which may help explain its benefit for dysmenorrhea. Some laboratory studies show that the plant's constituents (such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and essential oils) can inhibit uterine muscle contractions and reduce prostaglandin synthesis, which are mechanisms involved in menstrual pain. However, clinical evidence in humans is limited. A few small clinical trials, mostly from Asia, suggest possible efficacy for menstrual pain relief, but these studies are generally low in quality and small in size.

In summary, Cyperus rotundus is traditionally used for dysmenorrhea in several herbal medicine systems, and some preclinical evidence supports its potential mechanisms of action. However, robust clinical trials in humans are lacking, so the evidence is moderate at best.

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