Evidence supporting the use of: Vitex Agnus-Castus
For the health condition: Dysmenorrhea

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Vitex agnus-castus, also known as chaste tree berry, has been traditionally used for various gynecological issues, including premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and menstrual irregularities. Its use for dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) is primarily supported by a small but growing body of scientific evidence. A few randomized controlled trials and observational studies have evaluated Vitex's effects on menstrual pain. For example, a double-blind randomized controlled trial published in 2013 found that Vitex agnus-castus extract was more effective than placebo in reducing the severity of dysmenorrhea symptoms over three menstrual cycles. The purported mechanism is related to Vitex's dopaminergic effects, which may influence prolactin secretion and modulate hormone balance, potentially reducing uterine spasms and pain.

However, the number and size of studies are limited, and methodological quality varies. Most guidelines and expert reviews note that while Vitex is clearly effective for PMS and some menstrual irregularities, the evidence for dysmenorrhea is moderate at best and not as robust as for other indications. Systematic reviews frequently conclude that more high-quality studies are needed to confirm efficacy and safety for primary dysmenorrhea specifically. Thus, while there is some scientific support, the overall strength of evidence remains limited, justifying a moderate evidence rating.

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