Bee propolis has a long history of use in traditional medicine for various skin ailments, including eczema. Traditional systems, especially in Eastern Europe, Asia, and South America, have employed propolis-containing ointments to soothe inflamed skin, promote wound healing, and reduce itching. The rationale for its use stems from propolis's natural antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as anecdotal reports of symptom relief among eczema sufferers.

Scientifically, there are only a handful of small-scale studies and preliminary laboratory research that examine the effects of bee propolis on skin inflammation and eczema. Some in vitro studies suggest propolis may reduce inflammatory cytokines and inhibit the growth of bacteria commonly implicated in skin infections. However, robust clinical trials in humans with eczema are scarce, and most published human data are limited to case reports or small, open-label studies.

In summary, while bee propolis is widely used in traditional medicine and shows some potential anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity in laboratory studies, there is insufficient scientific evidence from rigorous clinical trials to fully support its efficacy for eczema. Most recommendations for its use are based primarily on traditional practice rather than solid scientific validation.