Indian mallow (Abutilon indicum) has a long history of use in traditional systems of medicine, particularly in Ayurveda and Unani, for the management of edema (also referred to as swelling or fluid retention). The roots, leaves, and seeds are employed in various formulations, often as decoctions or pastes, and are believed to exhibit diuretic properties that help reduce excess fluid accumulation in the body. Ancient Ayurvedic texts mention its use for "Shotha" (swelling), and traditional healers continue to use the plant for this indication.

Scientific studies on Indian mallow’s effects on edema are limited. Some preclinical work (e.g., animal studies) has shown possible diuretic and anti-inflammatory activities, which could plausibly help alleviate edema. For instance, extracts of Abutilon indicum have demonstrated diuretic effects in rat models, increasing urine output. However, these studies are preliminary, often involve crude extracts, and there is a lack of robust clinical trials in humans to confirm efficacy or safety for this indication.

In summary, the use of Indian mallow to treat edema is primarily supported by traditional medicinal practices, with some low-quality scientific evidence suggesting potential mechanisms. Until more rigorous human studies are available, its use for edema should be considered as tradition-based rather than scientifically validated.