Evidence supporting the use of: Glutamine precursor (unspecified)
For the health condition: Endurance (lack of)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Glutamine is a non-essential amino acid that plays a key role in nitrogen transport, immune function, and intestinal health. Its use as a supplement to support endurance and reduce fatigue in athletes has been studied, though the evidence is mixed. Some small studies have suggested that glutamine supplementation may help reduce exercise-induced immune suppression or muscle soreness, and potentially support recovery after prolonged exercise. However, most well-controlled human trials have failed to show a significant effect of glutamine supplementation on endurance performance, VO2 max, or time to exhaustion in healthy athletes. Reviews and meta-analyses generally conclude that glutamine does not directly enhance endurance performance, though it may have minor benefits in specific situations, such as in individuals with clinical deficiencies or extremely prolonged exercise scenarios. Glutamine precursors, such as glutamate or alpha-ketoglutarate, are less well-studied, and evidence for their efficacy in boosting endurance is limited and inconclusive. Overall, while there is scientific interest and some mechanistic rationale, the clinical evidence supporting glutamine (or its precursors) for improving endurance is weak, resulting in a low evidence rating.

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