Evidence supporting the use of: Beta Hydroxybutyrate
For the health condition: Epilepsy

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Beta Hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is one of the primary ketone bodies produced during ketosis, a metabolic state induced by fasting or ketogenic diets. The use of BHB to support or treat epilepsy is grounded in scientific evidence, primarily derived from the well-established efficacy of ketogenic diets in reducing seizure frequency, particularly in drug-resistant childhood epilepsy (such as Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome). Ketogenic diets elevate circulating BHB levels, which are thought to underpin many of the diet’s anticonvulsant effects.

Research indicates that BHB can cross the blood-brain barrier and serve as an alternative energy substrate for neurons, potentially stabilizing neuronal activity and reducing hyperexcitability associated with seizures. Animal studies and some human case series suggest that exogenous BHB supplementation (as salts or esters) may mimic some benefits of ketogenic diets, although clinical trials in humans remain limited.

While direct supplementation of BHB (without dietary changes) is a relatively new area of research, early pilot studies and case reports indicate potential benefits in seizure control, but large-scale, high-quality clinical trials are lacking. Thus, current evidence supports the concept but is not yet definitive for routine clinical use. The scientific rationale is strong, but more research is needed for direct BHB supplementation as an independent therapy for epilepsy.

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