Boerhavia diffusa, commonly known as "Punarnava," has been traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine for a variety of conditions, including epilepsy (Apasmara). Historical Ayurvedic texts describe its use as a component of formulations aimed at calming the nervous system and managing convulsions. The plant is believed to possess anticonvulsant and neuroprotective properties according to traditional practices.

Scientific validation for its use in epilepsy is limited. A few preclinical studies in animal models suggest that extracts of Boerhavia diffusa may exhibit anticonvulsant activity, possibly due to the presence of alkaloids like punarnavine and other phytochemicals. For example, some studies have reported a reduction in seizure duration and severity in rodents pre-treated with these extracts. However, these findings are preliminary and have not been robustly replicated or confirmed in human clinical trials.

In summary, while Boerhavia diffusa is traditionally used for epilepsy in certain systems of medicine and there is some low-level preclinical evidence suggesting anticonvulsant effects, the overall scientific support is weak. The use is primarily justified by traditional knowledge, with limited empirical backing.